After months of warnings over the risk of famine in Gaza under Israel’s bombardment, offensives and siege, children are starting to die.
Hunger is most acute in northern Gaza, which has been isolated by Israeli forces and has suffered long cut-offs of food supply deliveries.
At least 20 people have died from malnutrition and dehydration at the north’s Kamal Adwan and Shifa hospitals, according to the Health Ministry. Most of the dead are children – including ones as old as 15 – as well as a 72-year-old man.
Particularly vulnerable children are also beginning to succumb in the south, where access to aid is more regular.
Ahmed was displaced from the north of Gaza.
He lost his home, he’s doing all he can for his family to survive, and he has nowhere safe to go.
There are 600,000 children in Rafah just like Ahmed, terrified of what’s next. From displacement and the threat of bombings to… pic.twitter.com/UqiDzHjM3HAdvertisement— UNICEF (@UNICEF) March 7, 2024
At the Emirati Hospital in Rafah, 16 premature babies have died of malnutrition-related causes over the past five weeks, one of the senior doctors told The Associated Press.
“The child deaths we feared are here,” Adele Khodr, Unicef’s Middle East chief, said in a statement earlier this week.
Malnutrition is generally slow to bring death, striking children and the elderly first. Other factors can play a role. Underfed mothers have difficulty breastfeeding children.
Israel largely shut off entry of food, water, medicine and other supplies after launching its assault on Gaza following Hamas’ October 7 attack on southern Israel — allowing only a trickle of aid trucks through two crossings in the south.
Israel has blamed the burgeoning hunger in Gaza on UN agencies, saying they fail to distribute supplies piling up at Gaza crossings.
UNRWA, the largest UN agency in Gaza, says Israel restricts some goods and imposes cumbersome inspections that slow entry. Also, distribution within Gaza has been crippled, UN officials say convoys are regularly turned back by Israeli forces, the military often refuses safe passage amid fighting, and aid is snatched off trucks by hungry Palestinians on route to drop-off points.
With alarm growing, Israel bent to US and international pressure, saying this week it will open crossings for aid directly into northern Gaza and allow sea shipments.
Conditions in the north, largely under Israeli control for months, have become desperate. Entire districts of Gaza City and surrounding areas have been reduced to rubble by Israeli forces. Still, hundreds of thousands of Palestinians remain.
Meat, milk, vegetables and fruit are nearly impossible to find, according to several residents who spoke to the AP. The few items in shops are random and sold at hugely inflated prices — mainly nuts, snacks and spices. People have taken barrels of chocolate from bakeries and are selling tiny smears of it.
Most people eat a weed that crops up in empty lots, known as “khubaiza”. Fatima Shaheen, a 70-year-old who lives with her two sons and their children in northern Gaza, said boiled khubaiza is her main meal, and her family has also ground up food meant for rabbits to use as flour.
“We are dying for a piece of bread,” Ms Shaheen said.
Qamar Ahmed said his 18-month-old daughter, Mira, eats mostly boiled weeds. “There is no food that suits her age,” said Mr Ahmed, a researcher with Euro-Med Human Rights Monitor and an economic journalist. His 70-year-old father gives his own food to Mr Ahmed’s young son, Oleyan. “We try to make him eat and he refuses,” Mr Ahmed said of his father.
Dr Husam Abu Safiya, the acting head of Kamal Adwan Hospital, told the AP his staff currently treats 300 to 400 children a day, and that 75% of them are suffering from malnutrition.
Recent airdrops of aid by the US and other countries provide far lower amounts of aid than truck deliveries, which have become rare and sometimes dangerous.
UNRWA says Israeli authorities have not allowed it to deliver supplies to the north since January 23. The World Food Organisation, which had paused deliveries because of safety concerns, said the military forced its first convoy to the north in two weeks to turn back Tuesday.
When the Israeli military organised a food delivery to Gaza City last week, troops guarding the convoy opened fire — on a perceived threat, the military says — as thousands of hungry Palestinians mobbed the trucks.
Some 120 people were killed in the shooting, as well as by being trampled in the chaos.
Meanwhile, fresh food supplies in the southern city of Rafah have dwindled, while its population has swelled to more than one million with displaced residents. The main thing available are canned goods, often found in aid packages.
At Emirati Hospital, Dr Ahmed al-Shair, deputy head of the nursery unit, said the recent deaths of premature babies was rooted in malnutrition among mothers.
Malnourishment and extreme stress are both factors causing premature, underweight births, and doctors say anecdotally cases have risen during the war, though the UN does not have statistics.
Dr al-Shair said premature babies are treated for several days to improve their weight. But then they are released home, which is often a tent with not enough heat, with mothers too malnourished to breastfeed and milk difficult to obtain.
Within days, the babies “are brought back to us in a terrible state. Some were brought already dead,” Dr al-Shair said. He said 14 babies at the hospital died in February and two more so far in March.
Currently, the hospital’s wards have 44 babies under 10 days old with weights as low as two kilograms, some on life support. Every incubator has at least three premature babies in it, raising the risk of infection. Dr al-Shair said he fears some will meet the same fate when returned home.
“We treat them now but God knows what the future will be,” he said.
