Clashes between Iranian security forces and protesters angry over the death of a 22-year-old woman in police custody have killed at least nine people since the violence erupted over the weekend.
The scope of Iran’s ongoing unrest, the worst in several years, still remains unclear as protesters in at least a dozen cities — venting anger over social repression and the country’s mounting crises — continue to encounter security and paramilitary forces.
To prevent protests from spreading, Iran’s biggest telecom operator largely shut down mobile internet access again on Thursday, said Netblocks, a group that monitors internet access, describing the restrictions as the most severe since 2019.
An anchor on Iran’s state television suggested the death toll from the mass protests could be as high as 17 on Thursday but did not say how he reached that figure, adding that official statistics will be released later.
The scenes in Iran are astonishing. How far will these protests go?
pic.twitter.com/AJeHB0yyYBAdvertisement— Frida Ghitis (@FridaGhitis) September 20, 2022
In a country where radio and television stations already are state-controlled and journalists regularly face the threat of arrest, the paramilitary Revolutionary Guard urged the judiciary on Thursday to prosecute “anyone who spreads fake news and rumours” on social media about the unrest.
Widespread outages of Instagram and WhatsApp, which are used by protesters, also continued on Thursday.
The demonstrations in Iran began as an emotional outpouring over the death of Mahsa Amini, a young woman held by the country’s morality police for allegedly violating its strictly enforced dress code.
Her death has sparked sharp condemnation from the United States, the European Union and the United Nations.
Germany’s foreign minister Annalena Baerbock, who was in New York on Thursday for the UN General Assembly, condemned the crackdown and said Germany would raise the violation of women’s rights at the UN Human Rights Council.
“The brutal attack on the brave women in Iran is also an attack on humanity,” she said.
The police say Ms Amini died of a heart attack and was not mistreated, but her family has cast doubt on that account.
Independent experts affiliated with the UN said on Thursday that reports suggested she was severely beaten by the morality police, without offering evidence.
This is Iran today. A woman proudly burning the most visible symbol of religious dictatorship; compulsory hijab.
Hijab police killed #MahsaAmini but now there are millions of Mahsa in Iran who are shouting NO to Forced hijab NO to gender apartheid regime.#مهسا_امینی pic.twitter.com/9tzd9IRwgB— Masih Alinejad 🏳️ (@AlinejadMasih) September 19, 2022
Niloufar Hamedi, a journalist who took photographs at the hospital after Ms Amini’s death, was arrested on Thursday, according to the reporter’s lawyer, Mohammadali Kamfirouzi.
He said her house was raided.
There was no official comment.
The protests have grown in the last five days into an open challenge to the government, with women removing and burning their state-mandated headscarves in the streets and Iranians calling for the downfall of the Islamic Republic itself.
“Death to the dictator,” has been a common cry in the protests.
They are the most serious demonstrations since 2019, when protests erupted over a government hike in the price of petrol.
Rights groups say hundreds were killed in the crackdown that followed, the deadliest violence since the 1979 Islamic Revolution.
The latest protests are similarly widespread but seem to have much broader support among the population, with Iranians of all walks of life expressing fury at Ms Amini’s death and the government’s treatment of women.
Iran’s state-run media this week reported demonstrations in at least 13 cities, including the capital, Tehran.
Videos online show security forces firing tear gas and water canons to disperse hundreds of protesters.
London-based Amnesty International said officers also fired birdshot and beat protesters with batons.
Footage on social media from the northern city of Tabriz shows a young man allegedly shot by security forces bleeding in the street as protesters shout for help.
Forced hijab is not “cultural.” Here are pre-1979 images of women in Iran and women protesting forced veiling at the inception of the Islamic Republic. And the vast majority of Iranian women who leave Iran remove their veils. pic.twitter.com/dD5dNs5oQM
— Nazanin Boniadi (@NazaninBoniadi) September 18, 2022
Another video showed a policeman firing a shotgun at a demonstrator who was tearing down a pro-government billboard in the North Khorasan province.
It was unclear if he was wounded.
In another video, protesters can be seen torching a massive billboard showing Qassem Soleimani — Iran’s top general who was killed in a US airstrike — in his hometown of Kerman.
Soleimani has iconic status among government supporters.
At least nine people have died in the confrontations, according to an Associated Press count based on statements from Iran’s state-run and semi-official media.
In a statement on Thursday, the Guard blamed the unrest on “Iran’s enemies”.
In Ms Amini’s home province of Kurdistan, the provincial police chief said four protesters were killed by live fire.
In Kermanshah, the prosecutor said two protesters were killed, insisting that the bullets were not fired by Iran’s security forces.
Three men affiliated with the Basij, a volunteer force under the Guard, were killed in clashes in the cities of Shiraz, Tabriz and Mashhad, semi-official media reported, bringing the death toll acknowledged by officials to at least nine on both sides.
The independent experts with the UN said a woman and a 16-year-old boy were among those killed, with dozens more wounded and arrested.
I politely declined. We are in New York, where there is no law or tradition regarding headscarves. I pointed out that no previous Iranian president has required this when I have interviewed them outside Iran. 4/7
— Christiane Amanpour (@amanpour) September 22, 2022
In the northern province of Mazandaran, angry crowds damaged or set fire to more than 40 government properties and wounded 76 security officers, Rouhollah Solgi, the deputy governor, said.
Iran has grappled with waves of protests in the recent past, mainly over a long-running economic crisis exacerbated by Western sanctions linked to its nuclear programme.
Citizens also blame government corruption and mismanagement.
US President Joe Biden’s administration and European allies have been working to revive the 2015 Iran nuclear accord, in which Iran curbed its nuclear activities in exchange for sanctions relief, but talks have been deadlocked for months.
From New York, where Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi took to the stage on Wednesday at the UN General Assembly, CNN’s chief international anchor Christiane Amanpour said she had planned to confront Mr Raisi about the protests in what would be his first US-based interview.
But Ms Amanpour wrote on Twitter that Mr Raisi was a no-show.
An aide told her the President refused to take part unless she wore a headscarf, given the “situation in Iran”.
The Iranian government did not immediately acknowledge her account.
“I couldn’t agree to this unprecedented and unexpected condition,” the British-Iranian anchor wrote beside a photo of Mr Raisi’s empty chair.
“As protests continue in Iran and people are being killed, it would have been an important moment to speak with President Raisi.”
