Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi has opened a controversial Hindu temple built on the ruins of a historical mosque in the northern city of Ayodhya, delivering on a crucial Hindu nationalist pledge his ruling party hopes will catapult him to a record third successive term in upcoming elections.
The inauguration of the temple, which is still under construction, is dedicated to Hinduism’s Lord Ram and fulfils a long-standing demand made by millions of Hindus who worship the revered deity.
Mr Modi’s party and other Hindu nationalist groups who seized on this demand have portrayed the temple as central to their vision of reclaiming India’s Hindu pride they say was shadowed by centuries of Mughal rule and British colonialism.
The Prime Minister, dressed in the traditional outfit of a Kurta, led the opening ceremony amid hymns chanted by Hindu priests inside the temple’s inner sanctum where a 4.25ft stone sculpture of Lord Ram was installed last week.
A conch was blown by a Hindu priest to mark the temple’s opening and Mr Modi placed a lotus flower in front of the idol, made of black stone.
Nearly 7,500 people, including the country’s most elite industrialists, politicians and movie stars, watched the ritual on a giant screen outside the temple as a military helicopter showered petals.
Ayodhya, once dotted with tightly packed houses and stalls, has undergone an elaborate makeover in the lead up to the inauguration.
Narrow roads have been turned into a four-lane pilgrimage route leading to the temple, tourists are arriving at a new airport and sprawling railway station, and major hotel chains are building new properties.
Jubilant devotees from across the country have arrived to celebrate the opening, with groups of them dancing to religious songs that blare from speakers on roads bedecked with flowers.
Huge cut-outs of Lord Ram and billboards of Modi are ubiquitous across Ayodhya, where the borders have been sealed to prevent more people from coming in. Some 20,000 security personnel and more than 10,000 CCTV cameras have been deployed.
Analysts and critics see Monday’s ceremony as the start of the election campaign for Mr Modi, an avowed nationalist and one of India’s most consequential leaders who has sought to transform the country from a secular democracy into a distinctly Hindu state in his nearly 10 years in power.
The temple, located at one of India’s most vexed religious sites, is expected to embolden Mr Modi’s chances of clinching a record third successive term by drawing on the religious sentiments of Hindus, who make up 80% of India’s population of 1.4 billion.
Built at an estimated cost of €200 million and spread over nearly three hectares (7.4 acres), the temple lies atop the debris of a 16th-century mosque.
It was razed to the ground in 1992 by Hindu mobs who believed the Babri Mosque was built on temple ruins that marked the birthplace of Lord Ram.
The site has long been an intense religious flashpoint for the two communities, with the demolition of the mosque triggering bloody riots across India that killed 2,000 people, mostly Muslims.
The dispute ended in 2019 when, in a controversial decision, India’s supreme court called the mosque’s destruction “an egregious violation” of the law, but granted the site to Hindus while giving Muslims a different plot of land.
The fraught history is still an open wound for many Muslims, who see the construction of the temple as a testament to Mr Modi’s Hindu-first politics.
