A new Biden administration refugee programme to be launched on Tuesday will let US sponsors nominate specific people they want to bring to the United States in an effort that could help families reunite and involve more everyday Americans in resettlement efforts.
The programme, under an initiative known as the Welcome Corps, will allow groups of five or more US citizens or permanent residents to nominate a person or family to sponsor if they meet certain criteria and pass background checks, officials told Reuters. Relatives of refugees, religious groups, LGBT organisations and veterans are among those expected to participate.
Previously, most refugees entering the US have been selected by the United Nations and US State Department.
US president Joe Biden, a Democrat seeking re-election in 2024, has launched a range of programmes to allow migrants and people fleeing their home countries to enter the US lawfully. The Biden administration aims to bring in 10,000 refugees through sponsorships as part of an overall goal of 125,000 refugee admissions in fiscal year 2024.
Under US law, refugee status is reserved for people who apply from abroad while migrants already in the US can apply for a separate status called asylum.
Trump promises immigration crackdown
Although refugees are vetted and enter legally, some Republicans have called for tighter restrictions. Republican former president Donald Trump, the leading candidate for his party's presidential nomination, slashed refugee admissions while in office and is vowing another immigration crackdown if re-elected.
Sarah Cross, a State Department deputy assistant secretary, said in an interview that Americans want to aid refugees and that sponsorships make that easier.
"This programme taps into the tremendous capacity and willingness of our communities to help people arrive in safe, orderly and legal ways with the support that they need, which should appeal to any administration," Ms Cross said.
Reuniting families
Mangok Bol, a 45-year-old Sudanese refugee who arrived in the US more than two decades ago, already plans to apply to bring over his nieces and nephews through the new programme.
Mr Bol was forced to flee Sudan as a child during a civil war in the 1980s and was among some 20,000 children who were separated from their families and walked across several countries, a group known as the "Lost Boys".
He eventually resettled in the US in 2001, attended college and earned a master’s degree and now works as a programme administrator at Brandeis University in Massachusetts.
Despite those strides, Sudan's troubles continued to haunt him. Mr Bol learned in 2014 that his brother and his brother's pregnant wife had been killed when conflict erupted in their hometown.
After their parents were killed in front of them, a rival tribe abducted four of their seven children, he said, an incident that drew media attention and assistance from then-US ambassador to the United Nations Samantha Power.
While Mr Bol found three of the kidnapped children, one niece is still missing.
The remaining children now live in Kenya and Uganda and receive support from Mr Bol, who spoke with Reuters from Kenya on a recent visit. Together with colleagues and friends who formed a sponsorship group, he is hoping to bring in his brother's children through the new programme as violence continues in Sudan.
"I am their father now," he said.
Ramping up
The Biden administration launched private sponsorships in January 2023, with the first refugees - who were assigned to sponsors rather than chosen - arriving in June.
Only 85 refugees have entered through the sponsorship programme to date, but the numbers have been increasing, State Department officials said.
To qualify under the new programme, potential refugees must have been registered with the UN by September 30th, 2023, a cut-off meant to discourage people from leaving home just to participate.
Cubans, Haitians, Nicaraguans and Venezuelans may apply if they qualify for refugee status and had pending sponsorship applications through a separate Biden "parole" programme.
Luwam Abraham, a 30-year-old who came to the US from Eritrea as a child, hopes to use the new programme to bring over six Eritrean family members currently in refugee camps in Ethiopia, she said.
Ms Abraham, a director at a long-term care facility in Grand Rapids, Michigan, said she and her coworkers raised enough to cover the required sponsorship minimum of $2,425 per person.
Ms Abraham said there are entry-level jobs available in Grand Rapids, but it helps for new immigrants to have a personal contact to help navigate the language and culture.
"It's definitely a difficult transition," she said. "But you do see a bigger difference when it's somebody who has family or has somebody here to support them."
