The House of the US state of Montana has given final passage to a Bill banning the social media app TikTok from operating in the state.
It is a move that is bound to face legal challenges but also serve as a testing ground for the TikTok-free America many national politicians envision due to concerns over potential Chinese spying.
The House voted 54-43 in favour of the measure, which would make Montana the first state with a total ban on the app. It goes further than prohibitions already put in place by nearly half the states — including Montana — and the US federal government that prohibit TikTok on government-owned devices.
The measure now goes to Republican governor Greg Gianforte, who declined to say on Friday if he plans to sign it into law. A statement provided by spokesperson Brooke Metrione said the governor “will carefully consider” all Bills the legislature sends to his desk.
Mr Gianforte banned TikTok on state government devices last year, saying at the time that the app posed a “significant risk” to sensitive state data.
TikTok spokesperson Brooke Oberwetter promised a legal challenge over the measure’s constitutionality, saying the Bill’s supporters “have admitted that they have no feasible plan” to enforce “this attempt to censor American voices”.
The company “will continue to fight for TikTok users and creators in Montana whose livelihoods and First Amendment rights are threatened by this egregious government overreach”, Ms Oberwetter said.
TikTok, which is owned by the Chinese tech company ByteDance, has been under intense scrutiny over worries it could hand over user data to the Chinese government or push pro-Beijing propaganda and misinformation on the platform.
Leaders at the FBI and the CIA and numerous politicians, both Democrats and Republicans, have raised such concerns but have not presented any evidence that it has happened.
Ban supporters point to two Chinese laws that compel companies in the country to cooperate with the government on state intelligence work.
They also cite troubling episodes such as a disclosure by ByteDance in December that it fired four employees who accessed the IP addresses and other data of two journalists while attempting to uncover the source of a leaked report about the company.
Congress is considering legislation that does not single out TikTok specifically but gives the Commerce Department the ability more broadly to restrict foreign threats on tech platforms.
That Bill is being backed by the White House, but it has received pushback from privacy advocates, right-wing commentators and others who say the language is too expansive.
TikTok has said it has a plan to protect US user data.
Montana attorney general Austin Knudsen, whose office drafted the state’s legislation, said in a social media post on Friday that the Bill “is a critical step to ensuring we are protecting Montanans’ privacy”, even as he acknowledged that a court battle looms.
The measure would prohibit downloads of TikTok in the state and would fine any “entity” — an app store or TikTok — 10,000 dollars per day for each time someone “is offered the ability” to access or download the app. There would not be penalties for users.
The ban would not take effect until January 2024 and would become void if Congress passes a national measure or if TikTok severs its connections with China.
