The UN General Assembly voted overwhelmingly on Wednesday to condemn Russia’s “attempted illegal annexation” of four Ukrainian regions and demand its immediate reversal, a sign of strong global opposition to the seven-month war and Moscow’s attempt to grab its neighbour’s territory.
The vote in the 193-member world body was 143-5 with 35 abstentions.
It was the strongest support from the General Assembly for Ukraine and against Russia of the four resolutions it has approved since Russian troops invaded Ukraine on February 24.
The Western-sponsored resolution was a response to Russia’s announced annexation last month of Ukraine’s Donetsk, Luhansk, Kherson and Zaporizhzhia regions.
Moscow acted following Kremlin-orchestrated “referendums” that the Ukrainian government and the West have dismissed as sham votes conducted on occupied land amid warfare and displacement.
BREAKING
The UN General Assembly adopted a resolution that condemns #Russia's "illegal so-called referendums" in regions within #Ukraine's internationally-recognized borders, and demands it reverses its annexation declaration.
In favour: 143
Against: 5
Abstentions: 35 pic.twitter.com/MDDIapqTGv— UN News (@UN_News_Centre) October 12, 2022
During two days of speeches at the assembly’s resumed emergency special session on Ukraine speaker after speaker accused Russia of violating key principles of the United Nations Charter – respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all UN member nations.
Before the vote, US ambassador Linda Thomas-Greenfield said that when the United Nations was established in the ashes of the Second World War it was built on an idea “that never again would one country be allowed to take another’s territory by force”.
She said the facts were clear, that a veto-wielding permanent member of the UN Security Council had attempted to annex territory from its neighbour by force, and she urged all countries to condemn Russia for the annexations.
A key issue for the resolution’s western backers was how many countries would support it, and the result went beyond their most optimistic expectations.
The General Assembly voted 141-5 with 35 abstentions on March 2 to demand an immediate Russian ceasefire, withdrawal of all its troops and protection for all civilians.
On March 24 it voted 140-5 with 38 abstentions on a resolution blaming Russia for Ukraine’s humanitarian crisis and urging an immediate ceasefire and protection for millions of civilians and the homes, schools and hospitals critical to their survival.
But the assembly voted by a far smaller margin on April 7 to suspend Russia from the UN’s Geneva-based Human Rights Council over allegations Russian soldiers in Ukraine engaged in rights violations that the United States and Ukraine have called war crimes. That vote was 93-24 with 58 abstentions.
A 2014 resolution affirming Ukraine’s territorial integrity and declaring the referendum that led to Russia’s annexation of the Crimean Peninsula illegal was adopted by a vote of 100-11 with 58 abstentions.
Among the surprises in support of Wednesday’s resolution were the Yes votes from Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and other members of the Gulf Cooperation Council as well as Brazil.
Russia’s UN ambassador, Vassily Nebenzia, had appealed to countries to vote against the resolution, calling it “a politicised and openly provocative document” and denouncing its sponsors as “unscrupulous western blackmailers.”
He expressed regret the vote was not by secret ballot, as Russia sought.
Nebenzia reiterated Russia’s claims the referendums were valid, saying “the populations of these regions do not want to return to Ukraine”.
The four countries that joined Russia in voting against the resolution were North Korea, Belarus, Syria and Nicaragua.
China, India, Pakistan, South Africa and Cuba were among the 35 countries that abstained.
The more powerful Security Council, whose resolutions are legally binding, has been stymied on taking action on Ukraine because of Russia’s veto power, which it used on September 29 to block condemnation of Russia’s attempts to annex Ukrainian territory.
By contrast, the General Assembly, where there are no vetoes, has now approved four resolutions criticising Russia over Ukraine. Its votes reflect world opinion but are not legally binding.
The resolution adopted on Wednesday declares that Moscow’s actions violate Ukraine’s sovereignty and territorial integrity, are “inconsistent” with the principles of the UN Charter, and “have no validity under international law and do not form the basis for any alternation of the status of these regions of Ukraine”.
It demands that Russia “immediately, completely and unconditionally withdraw all of its military forces from the territory of Ukraine within its internationally recognised borders”.
And it supports “the de-escalation of the current situation and a peaceful resolution of the conflict through political dialogue, negotiation, mediation and other peaceful means” that respect Ukraine’s sovereignty, territorial integrity and internationally recognised borders.
During Wednesday’s debate there was strong support for the resolution.
Australian ambassador Mitch Fifield called Russia’s attempted annexation “illegal and a dangerous escalation” and urged all countries to support the resolution to oppose acts of aggression.
Ambassador Fergal Mythen of Ireland said voters in the “sham” referendums in the four regions “faced intimidation by the Russian military and Russia’s illegitimately appointed authorities”.
Cambodian ambassador Sovann Ke did not indicate how he would vote but said that “the forcible annexation of regions from a sovereign country is a flagrant violation of the UN Charter and international laws, which is not acceptable” and urged that internationally respected borders “be fully respected”. In the voting, Cambodia supported the resolution.
South Korea’s ambassador, Hwang Joonkook, gave unequivocal support “to the sovereignty, political independence and the territorial integrity of Ukraine”.
He said his country’s “own painful experiences” after the 1950-53 Korean War “can testify that any attempt to divide a nation in any form or method is merely the beginning of lasting very serious troubles, rather than a solution”.
On the other side of that divide, North Korean ambassador Kim Song supported the “self-determination” of the people in the four regions annexed by Russia as a right protected in the UN Charter and said the results must be respected.
He accused the United States and western countries of “brutally” violating the sovereignty and territorial integrity of former Yugoslavia, Afghanistan, Iraq and Libya under “the pretext” of promoting international peace and security without ever having its actions called into question by the Security Council.
He said that US interference in the internal affairs of countries is continuing in the 21st century.
Syrian ambassador Bassam Sabbagh accused the General Assembly of “being manipulated flagrantly by some western countries for their own geopolitical interests” and urged countries to oppose efforts “to isolate Russia and to employ double standards”.
