Britain's Labour dealt a crushing blow to UK prime minister Rishi Sunak's Conservatives on Friday, winning contests for two new MPs in votes that suggested the opposition party was on track to win a British general election later this year.
The double defeat underlined the flagging fortunes of the governing party and will do little to silence Mr Sunak's critics, who fear the Conservatives could face an all-but wipe-out at the UK general election and want him to change course.
The 43-year-old former investment banker has struggled to restore his party's fortunes despite recasting himself at various points over the past year as a bold reformer, a stable technocrat and now as someone who needs more time "to stick to the plan" because, he says, that plan is working.
But with the Labour Party ahead in the polls, Mr Sunak might well need to bend to the demands of some in his party to offer an increasingly disaffected electorate a more right-wing conservative agenda before the election.
Labour was jubilant.
"By winning in these Tory strongholds, we can confidently say that Labour is back in the service of working people and we will work tirelessly to deliver for them," Labour leader Keir Starmer said in a statement.
"The Tories (Conservatives) have failed. Rishi's recession proves that. That's why we've seen so many former Conservative voters switching directly to this changed Labour Party."
Labour overturned a hefty Conservative majority in the central English town of Wellingborough to win the parliamentary seat with 13,844 votes against 7,408 in what polling expert John Curtice described as the governing party's "worst ever by-election reverse".
In another threat to Mr Sunak's party, the candidate for the right-wing Reform Party won 3,919 votes, a sign, Mr Curtice said, it had "now entered the electoral battle in a serious way ... that potentially adds to the Conservatives' difficulties".
In Kingswood, southwestern England, Labour won with 11,176 votes against 8,675 for the Conservative candidate.
The Conservatives have only won four out of 21 by-elections since the last national election in 2019.
Pressure on Sunak
While by-elections are often lost by the governing party, the scale of the defeat in two parliamentary seats the Conservatives have held for years piles pressure on Mr Sunak, who became prime minister just over a year ago.
The challenge from the Reform Party could also worry some in the governing party. Senior Conservative lawmaker Jacob Rees-Mogg said at least in Kingswood, if Reform supporters had voted for the governing party as part of the "Conservative family", the Conservatives would have held the parliamentary seat.
It appeared that the Conservatives had all but written off the two by-elections.
While Labour sent many of its MPs and activists to campaign in both places, the Conservatives had a muted presence.
Few believed they had any chance of winning in either place - the contest in Wellingborough was triggered after the former member of parliament was forced out over a bullying and harassment scandal, while in Kingswood, former minister Chris Skidmore resigned over Mr Sunak's climate change policies.
But some had hoped Labour might have been damaged this week when Mr Starmer did not move immediately to censure a Labour candidate who was recorded espousing conspiracy theories about Israel and for scrapping a green investment target.
Low voter turnout
But with turnout low, voters punished the governing party and Mr Sunak, who is struggling to meet his election promises. Data on Thursday showed the economy had slipped into recession in the second half of 2023, a challenge for Mr Sunak who has made boosting economic growth a main pledge.
With many voters angry over a punishing cost-of-living crisis, long waiting times to use the state-run health service and strikes on public transport, Mr Sunak is running out of time to close the gap with Labour.
Mr Rees-Mogg said to turn things around, the main thing was "about energising the party and having the new ideas" to win back traditional Conservative voters.
"It's still all to play for," he said.
