The United States has announced plans to re-engage with the UN Human Rights Council (UNHRC) that former president Donald Trump withdrew from almost three years ago.
The decision by Joe Biden’s administration reverses another Trump-era move away from multilateral organisations and agreements.
Announcing the new approach from Washington, secretary of state Antony Blinken said the withdrawal in June 2018 “did nothing to encourage meaningful change, but instead created a vacuum of US leadership, which countries with authoritarian agendas have used to their advantage”.
“The Biden administration has recommitted the United States to a foreign policy centred on democracy, human rights, and equality,” he said in a statement. “Effective use of multilateral tools is an important element of that vision.”
When it works well, the @UN Human Rights Council shines a spotlight on countries with the worst human rights records and can serve as a beacon for those fighting against injustice and tyranny. That’s why the U.S. is back at the table.
Advertisement— Secretary Antony Blinken (@SecBlinken) February 8, 2021
The decision is likely to draw criticism from conservative politicians and many in the pro-Israel community, who have derided the council and echoed Trump administration complaints that it was too quick to overlook abuses by autocratic regimes and governments — and even accept them as members.
Mr Blinken said President Joe Biden had instructed the State Department to “re-engage immediately and robustly” with the council, but he acknowledged it still needs work.
“We recognise that the Human Rights Council is a flawed body, in need of reform to its agenda, membership, and focus, including its disproportionate focus on Israel,” he said.
Mr Blinken said the council, when it works well, “shines a spotlight on countries with the worst human rights records and can serve as an important forum for those fighting injustice and tyranny”.
“To address the council’s deficiencies and ensure it lives up to its mandate, the United States must be at the table using the full weight of our diplomatic leadership,” he added.
Mr Trump pulled out of the council due to its disproportionate focus on Israel, which has received by far the largest number of critical council resolutions against any country, and because it failed to meet an extensive list of reforms demanded by then-US ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley.
When we work closely with our allies and friends, we are able to call countries with the worst human rights records to account in the @UN Human Rights Council. U.S. leadership matters.
— Secretary Antony Blinken (@SecBlinken) February 8, 2021
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Besides the council’s persistent focus on Israel, the Trump administration took issue with the body’s membership, which currently includes China, Cuba, Eritrea, Russia and Venezuela, all of which have been accused of human rights abuses.
Hillel Neuer, the executive director of advocacy group UN Watch, which often decries the council’s excessive focus on Israel, said the Obama administration had had a “tendency to become a cheerleader for the council” – and called on the Biden team to avoid it, and instead call out the council’s “abuses”.
“In exchange, the US must demand serious reform, removing despots from the council such as Venezuela’s Nicolas Maduro regime, holding dictators to account, and removing the agenda item that targets Israel in each session, the only one to focus on a single country.”
Although the US will have only non-voting observer status for now, US officials say the administration intends to seek one of the three full-member seats left vacant when the current council terms of Austria, Denmark and Italy — from the “Western Europe and other states group” — expire at the end of 2021.
Mr Trump’s withdrawal from the UNHRC was one of a number of US retrenchments from the international community during his four years in office.
He also walked away from the Paris Climate Accord, the Iran nuclear deal, the World Health Organisation (WHO), the UN education and cultural organisation Unesco, and several arms control treaties.
Since taking office last month, Mr Biden has rejoined the Paris accord and the WHO and has signalled interest in returning to the Iran deal as well as Unesco.
