Almost half the Haitian population – 2.2 million adults and three million children – need humanitarian aid and thousands of youngsters face “staggering levels” of gender-based violence, the head of the UN children’s agency has said.
“Haitians and our team, they’re telling me it’s never been worse than it is now — unprecedented hunger and malnutrition, grinding poverty, a crippled economy, resurgence of cholera and a massive insecurity that creates a deadly downward spiral of violence,” said Catherine Russell, the executive director of Unicef.
Ms Russell said what was clear during her recent visit was that the police do not have the capacity to secure the country and protect the population from violent gangs – and “something needs to change”.
“We have to, as an international community, say we can’t watch this country completely fall apart,” she said.
“And so my job is to try to bring some attention to that problem and to make sure people understand how terrible the humanitarian crisis is, what kind of impact that’s having on children.”
Ms Russell repeated at a press conference some of the stories she heard at a centre for survivors of gender-based violence in a dangerous part of the capital, Port-au-Prince.
An 11-year-old girl who was eight months’ pregnant recalled how five men grabbed her on the street and raped her, Ms Russell said.
The girl gave birth days after their talk, she said.
Also at the centre, Ms Russell heard from a woman who said men barged into her home and raped her.
And when her 20-year-old sister resisted, they killed her by setting her on fire and then burned down the house.
“I was told this is part of a new strategy by the armed groups — they rape girls and women and they burn their homes to make them more vulnerable and more easily controlled,” Ms Russell said.
She spoke a day after William O’Neill, who was appointed in April by the UN human rights chief as the UN expert on Haiti, said at the end of a 10-day visit to the beleaguered Caribbean nation that a specialised international force is needed to fight gang violence and that a weapons embargo should be implemented immediately.
“I found a country bruised by violence, misery, fear and suffering,” Mr O’Neill said on Wednesday, adding that all types of human rights are being violated.
“It is urgent to take action. The survival of an entire nation is at stake.”
An understaffed and under-resourced police force has been struggling to fight against warring gangs which have grown more powerful since the July 2021 assassination of president Jovenel Moise.
The violence has led to an increase in starvation, with people unable to leave their homes and trucks unable to deliver goods.
The surge in killings, rapes and kidnappings has led to violent reprisals, with civilians killing nearly 200 people since April in attacks on suspected gang members.
Since October, UN secretary-general Antonio Guterres has been urging the immediate deployment of an international armed force to stem the gang violence and Haiti’s worst human rights crisis in decades.
He said in April that insecurity in the capital “has reached levels comparable to countries in armed conflict”.
Neither the United States, which has been criticised for previous interventions in Haiti, nor Canada have shown any interest in leading such a force.
The international community has instead opted to impose sanctions and send military equipment and other resources.
